Definition Essay Racism - 632 Words

Definition: Racism Racism is the unequal treatment of the human beings on the basis of their skin color. Racism is believed to have existed as long as human beings have been in the world. It is usually associated with the skin color of a person, which makes one be distinguished from a certain race or community. The word racism happened to be common in 1600s due to the enslavement of the Africans by the Americans and Europeans. One of the common examples of racism was Americans’ discrimination against the Africans during the early 1600s. Though it is believed that slavery has existed since ancient times, the most outstanding one was the one practiced by the Americans. The dark-skinned people were enslaved on the whites’ farms under†¦show more content†¦In our daily lives, one may note that some activities tend to favor some people or a group that is dominant in a certain area. This can be considered institutional racism. According to Memmi (2000), institutional racism usually aims at barring anyone from interfering with the advantages of the dominant group in a given geographical location. The best example of this kind of racism was the Apartheid in South Africa. The British tried to protect their lavish lifestyles by preventing the Africans from attending the same schools with them. In addition, the Africans were not allowed to use the same roads or eat in the same cafes with the whites. Lastly, there is also new racism. Fredrickson (2003) considers new racism as covering the cultural matters. The belief that a certain race has a culture which is superior to that of another race is termed as new racism. Some communities may view the cultural practices of a certain community as inferior to theirs. Concerning this, they try to colonize the others through assimilating them into their culture. Culture is also concerned with the way people dress. In conclusion, there is an opinion that racism has existed since the BC era. Despite this, it is believed it actually commenced in 1619 when slavery arose in the US. During this period, people were enslaved and discriminated on the basis of their color type. However, there are different types of racism, and they include new racism, historicalShow MoreRelatedDefinition Essay On Racism1005 Words   |  5 Pages Throughout society, the definition of racism varies drastically. Some people would define it as its definition, one race against another, then there are the other uninformed members of society who would define it as blacks against whites, but in all reality it’s any race against another. Though racism is usually defined as antagonism directed against someone of a different race based on the belief that ones own race is superior, this definition would mean one race hating anotherRead MoreEssay On The American Dream1004 Words   |  5 Pagescountry of equality and freedom as the Founding Fathers dreamed and planned it to be. An essay on Martin Luther King Jr., a man with good morals like those of the Founding Fathers, helped elaborate on this topic. The Pew Research Team s essay, King s Dream Remains an Elusive Goal; Many Americans See Racial Disparities, helped show the apparent effects that immigrants have on our country. With in the essay, statistics are shown to help exemplify the idea. The team of authors explain that immigrantRead MoreAnalysis Of The Meaning Of Serena Williams Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pagescelebration of the successes of the black community. Lacking from the definition is the idea that black excellence cannot be achieved without understanding its relation to apparent racist perpetrations. In an essay discussing Serena Williams, entitled â€Å"The Meaning of Serena Williams†, by Claudia Rankine, she states, â€Å"the notable difference between black excellence and white excellence is white excellence is achieved without having to battle racism. Imagine.† The preval ent absurdity exuded by this statementRead More Racism: Similarities and Differences In Two Essays 1159 Words   |  5 PagesIn the two essays, â€Å"Just Walk on By: A Black Man Ponders His Power to Alter Public Space† by Brent Staples and â€Å"I’m Not Racist But†¦Ã¢â‚¬  by Neil Bissoondath, there are both differences and similarities. The two authors differ in their opinion on the causes of racism and life experiences involving racism, but are similar in regards to the use of stereotypes in the world In Brent Staples’ opinion, causes of racism are derived from fear and the insufficient knowledge that a person might have about anotherRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Meaning Of Serena Williams Essay1195 Words   |  5 PagesLacking from the definition is the idea that black excellence cannot be achieved without understanding its relation to apparent racist perpetrations. In the essay entitled â€Å"The Meaning of Serena Williams†, author Claudia Rankine states, â€Å"the notable difference between black excellence and white excellence is white excellence is achieved without having to battle racism. Imagine.† The prevalent absurdity exuded by this statement is the unfortunate reality we now inhabit. Rankine’s essay concentrates onRead MoreAnalysis David Brooks People Like Us1403 Words   |  6 PagesIvanna Mejia Professor Andrew Warburton Essay #3 October 22, 2012 David Brooks’ â€Å"People Like Us† Analysis Many individuals interpret diversity differently specifically in the United States because of its melting pot of distinct cultures and lifestyles. In his essay â€Å"People Like Us†, David Brooks’ argues that although the United States is a diverse nation as a whole, it is homogeneous in specific aspects like interactions between people. To some extent, his observation is true; people tendRead MoreThe Relationship Between Race and Ideology Essay971 Words   |  4 PagesThe Relationship Between Race and Ideology In this essay I will argue that the key to end racism is to understand race and ideology and how this two concepts relate to each other. Appiah claims that race does not exist. He uses scientific methods to prove that individuals from different groups of people have no greater genetic differences between them than the genetic differences in individuals from the same group of people. He writes: #8230;human genetic variability between the populationsRead MoreBanal Racism in Antigua: An Examination of A Small Place and its Critics1186 Words   |  5 PagesJane King stated in her essay entitled â€Å"A Small Place Writes Back† that â€Å"A Small Place begins with Jamaica Kincaid placing herself in a unique position able to understand the tourist and the Antiguan and despise both while identifying with neither† (895). Another critic, Suzanne Gauch, adds to this claim by asserting that â€Å"A Small Place disappoints†¦readers when it undermines the authority of its own narrator by suggesting that she is hardly representative of average Antiguans† (912). In her narrativeRead MoreRace, Racism, Or Ethnicity1559 Words   |  7 Pagesand has raised many questions, due to its lack of proper definition and mostly because of its negative connotations. Associated with ethnicity or racism, it created a lifelong debate about whether or not races are socially constructed. The aim of this essay will be firstly to establish clear definitions of words such as race, racism, or ethnicity, and secondly to explain the evolution of racism, from scientific racism to colour blind racism through the work of ideologists such as Gobineau and EduardoRead More Du Bois vs. Cox Essay1075 Words   |  5 Pagesusing their experiences to development their own opinion. How did this concept of race develop into the immense issue we are facing now? According to Oliver C. Cox, the origin of race relations starts with ideas of ethnocentrism, intolerance, and racism. W. E. B. Du Bois said that if what want to find the truth out about race we need to look at the history of the world past the last centuries . The origin of race in my judgment as resulted from both history and the concepts mentioned in Cox’s opinion

Csr of Itc Limited - 1374 Words

* Corporate social responsibility is a form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model. * CSR policy functions as a built-in, self-regulating mechanism whereby business monitors and ensures its active compliance with the spirit of the law, ethical standards, and international norms. * The goal is embrace responsibility for, and encourage a positive impact through its activities on the environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and all other members of the public sphere. * Furthermore, CSR-focused businesses would proactively promote the public interest by encouraging community growth and development, and voluntarily eliminating practices that harm the public sphere, regardless of†¦show more content†¦* The carbon credits earned will also be shared with the tribals and farmers, enabling them to participate in an international carbon market mechanism. Integrated Watershed Development * Recognizing the vital role that irrigation and water play in the rural economy, ITC supports the creation of watershed projects in water-stressed areas, providing precious water resources for agriculture, rural communities and livestock. * Based on a participatory approach that involves local communities, the programme facilitates building, reviving and maintain water harvesting structures as well as management of water resources to reverse land degradation, provide critical irrigation and increase agricultural productivity. Providing Supplementary Education * ITC’s supplementary Learning Centres offer additional coaching that backs up school learning, stemming drop-outs and enabling more children to complete school. ITC’s also supports outreach projects, including mobiles libraries that foster the reading habit and a ‘roaming laptop’ programme that promotes computer skills and interactive learning. Economic Empowerment of Women * ITC’s initiatives provide sustainable economic opportunities to poor women in rural areas by assisting them to form micro-credit self-help groups that enable them to buildShow MoreRelatedEssay On Corporate Governance812 Words   |  4 PagesITC Ltd.’s strategy plan for compliance with the current acceptable standards or norms relative to social responsibility today is well thought out, especially for a company that sells potentially dangerous products, and try to meet and listen to all demands and laws in place since the start of their business. Even though in 2014 a new bill was passed for the majority of companies to build accountability and also have the government looking over the private sector (Banerjee, 2013). â€Å"The CSR provisionRead MoreAn Introduction to Itc Ltd.3155 Words   |  13 Pagesintroduction to ITC Ltd. 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Bilt published its first Sustainability Report with specific focusRead MoreMilton Friedman once famously said, â€Å"The business of Business is Business†. If the great man have1800 Words   |  8 PagesResponsibility or CSR is no longer a luxury for the corporate world, it’s a necessity which they have to embrace for their own and society’s long term future The term â€Å"Corporate Social Responsibility† was coined in 1960’s and have since then gradually gained so much popularity importance that we now have federal laws to govern it in countries like India. 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To solve this purpose, there is much talk about Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) today. As Indian apparel/fashion and retailRead MoreItc Ltd. a Full Case Study10991 Words   |  44 PagesCase study-ITC LIMITED INTRODUCTION: ITC Limited  (BSE:  500875)  public  conglomerate  company headquartered in  Kolkata,  India.[1]Its  turnover  is $6 billion and a  market capitalization  of over $30 Billion. The company has its registered office in Kolkata. It started off as the Imperial Tobacco Company, and shares ancestry with  Imperial Tobacco  of the United Kingdom, but it is now fully independent, and was rechristened to Indian Tobacco Company in 1970 and then to I.T.C. Limited in 1974 The companyRead MoreSocial Responsibility of Private Sector in Context to India3316 Words   |  14 Pageslocally-specific themes. However, the term OSR—or even SR—is not currently used outside the ISO process. There is, therefore, a risk that using this term will generate confusion and some resentment among those who are familiar with existing terms such as CSR. Awareness of and engagement with the SR agenda A further definitional and operational challenge is that issues within the SR agenda are not always identified as such. For example, the South African notion of black economic empowerment can beRead MoreRelated Diversification Is a More Successful Strategy for Growth Among Firms Than Unrelated Diversification.3822 Words   |  16 Pagesfrom its link with the corporation or vice versa. Five dimensions of diversification (i) Diversifact: Fact is a situation, a reality, a kind of compulsion because of which company has to diversify. †¢ Negative overtone of compulsory diversification-ITC and Manikchand are examples of negative overtones of compulsory diversification because tobacco business was under pressure,cigarette advertising was banned and both these companies found new revenue streams. ï  ¶ Products of Manikchand: Manikchand panRead MoreEnergy and Environment1095 Words   |  5 Pages | Environnent Management, Environnent Monitoring, ISO-14001 :2008, ISO 9001 :2008, Waste Management, Environnent (PCB), AERB(DoAE) and BEE (MoP) Complaisance. CSR, |Academic Qualifications | †¢ M. Tech (Energy Environment Management) from Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana

Harrington Cost and Variable Costs Free Essays

Harrington Case Analysis Issue Stagnant sales performance has caused Harrington Collection to explore new avenues for improved performance, including the launch of a new active-wear line. Recognizing an emerging trend of low price and rapid style turnover in the women’s apparel market, along with tremendous growth in the active-wear segment, Harrington needs to work strategically to capture this profitable market opportunity. After careful analysis, it was determined that Harrington should implement a new active-wear line. We will write a custom essay sample on Harrington: Cost and Variable Costs or any similar topic only for you Order Now Financial Analysis While doing the financial analysis it is important to calculate the unit price first. Using the wholesale price rather than the retail price, the calculated unit price is $95. Next, we sum up the start-up costs and operating costs, both fixed and variable, and use these numbers to calculate the breakeven units. After calculation, the breakeven point is 289,846 units. Appendix A shows the details of our process. Active-wear sales are expected to double by 2009, and 40% of those sales are expected to be classified as ‘better’ active-wear. Assuming that Harrington Vigor maintains their 7% market share, we can deduce that Vigor can expect to sell 420,000 units of active-wear in its first year. Over half of all apparel purchased is sold â€Å"on sale. † We accounted for these markdowns by assuming that half the units will be sold for full price, and the other half will be sold at a discount. A sensitivity analysis was conducted by calculating the discount rates at 20%, 40% and 60% separately. From Appendix B, we can see that even for the 60% discount rate, the profit margin is still up to 21%, which is quite attractive. Therefore, Harrington has strong financial forecast to support its new launch in active-wear segment. Market trend After the economic downturn in the early 2000s, the trend of price-sensitive and more than 50% discount sales volume drive the mature market to a low-cost and outsourcing competition area. Thus, majority of apparel companies choose to outsource their production in low-cost labor areas such as China. Another trend is the fast growing needs for the superior styling, fresh, and fashionable active-wears. Quality strengths and Opportunities Having established their brand in the1960s, Harrington became well known for its superior quality, knowledgeable sales staff, and designer styles. With fairly high loyalty customers, Harrington possesses premium brand reputation. In addition, donning Harrington labels represents an instant status upgrade and the cutting edge of fashion. Generally speaking, the active-wear market is a rapid growth field with a relatively small segment in the â€Å"better† category. In order to seize the opportunity for diversity in its marketshare, Harrington should enter the market as soon as possible. Considering its brand influence and exceptional quality and styling, together with its cutting-edge technology, Harrington has a substantial opportunity to become a critical player in this profitable segment. Channel conflicts and Challenges By 2007 specialty stores and department stores are still the main retailing channels in the women’s clothing market. Department stores may benefit by the lucrative inventory turnover rate produced by Harrington’s extensive national advertising. Alternatively, department stores could be weary of stocking the active-wear products since this is a relatively new market and could mean more risk for the retailers. Harrington will need to rely on their relationships with the retailers and expertise in marketing to diminish this potential conflict. From the survey, the possibility to cheapen Harrington’s brand is really trivial by launching a new active-wear line. Recommendation Despite the conflicts and challenges, Harrington has a significant opportunity to advance their business into the active-wear segment. By upscaling the active-wear into the â€Å"better† category, Harrington could apply the comfort and fashion image which the Vigor division has already formed into the new segment. In addition, by outsourcing the production in Mexico, it can not only decrease costs, but also provide the possibility to respond more swiftly to changes in demand. With this in mind, it is strongly suggested that Harrington launches a new active-wear line. Appendix A Start Up Costs:| | | Start-up Costs (Pants Plant)| $ 1,200,000 | | Start-up Costs (Hoodie and Tee-shirt Plant)| $ 2,500,000 | | Equipment (Pants Plant)| $ 2,000,000 | Equipment (Hoodie and Tee-shirt Plant)| $ 2,500,000 | | Launch-PR, Advertising| $ 2,000,000 | | Fixtures for Company Stores| $ 2,500,000 | Total Start-up Costs | $ 12,700,000 | Annual Depreciated Start-up Costs | $ 2,540,000 | | | | Annual Ongoing Operating Costs-Fixed:| | | Overhead (Pants Plant)| $ 3,000,000 | | Overhead (Hoodie and Tee-shirt Plant)| $ 3,500,000 | | Ren t (Pants Plant)| $ 500,000 | | Rent (Hoodie and Tee-shirt Plant)| $ 500,000 | | Management/Support| $ 1,000,000 | | Advertising| $ 3,000,000 | Total Fixed Operating Costs| $ 11,500,000| | | Direct Variable Costs:| Hoodie| Tee-shirt| Pants| | Sew and press| $ 3. 25| $ 2. 00| $ 2. 85| | Cut| $ 1. 15| $ 0. 40| $ 0. 70| | Other variable labor| $ 3. 20| $ 2. 40| $ 3. 05| | Fabric| $ 9. 10| $ 2. 20| $ 7. 50| | Findings| $ 3. 85| $ 0. 50| $ 2. 30| Total Variable Cost| $ 20. 55| $ 7. 50| $ 16. 40| | | | | Direct variable costs translated into â€Å"unit† cost| Hoodie| Tee-shirt| Pants| | Total Variable Cost| $ 20. 55| $ 7. 50| $ 16. 40| | * measure| 0. 5| 1. 5| 1. 0| | Unit Cost| $ 10. 28| $ 11. 25| $ 16. 40| Indirect variable costs:| | | Wholesale â€Å"unit† price| $ 95. 00 | Total variable costs as % of wholesale price| 40%| Indirect variable costs per â€Å"unit†| $ 8. 64 | | | | | Direct variable costs per â€Å"unit†| $ 37. 93 | | Indirect variable costs per â€Å"unit†| $ 8. 64 | Total variable costs per â€Å"unit†| $ 46. 56 | | | | Contribution:| | | Wholesale price per â€Å"unit†| $ 95. 00 | | Less total variable costs per â€Å"unit†| $ 47. 00 | | Contribution per â€Å"unit†| $ 48. 00 | | | | Breakeven:| | | Fixed annual costs(operating and depreciated start up)| $ 14,040,000 | | Contribution per â€Å"unit†| $ 48. 00 | | = Breakeven Units| $ 289,846 | Appendix B Unit Price = $95. 00, Unit Quantity = 210,000 * ((7,500,000 * 2 * 0. 4 * 7%) / 2) Profit Margin*| | | | | Discount Rate (40%)| Discount Rate (20%)| Discount Rate (60%)| Revenue| $ 31,920,000| $ 35,910,000| $ 27,930,000| less fixed annual costs| $ 2,540,000| $ 2,540,000| $ 2,540,000| less total variable costs| $ 19,555,410| $ 19,555,410| $ 19,555,410| Profit before tax| $ 9,824,590| $ 13,814,590| $ 5,834,590| Profit margin before tax| 30. 78%| 38. 47%| 20. 89%| * Assumes half of inventory is sold at full price, and other half is sold at subsequent discount rates. | How to cite Harrington: Cost and Variable Costs, Essay examples

Plastic Bags In Australia Haoran Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Plastic Bags In Australia Haoran. Answer: Problem statement The plastic bags pose many threats to the ecosystem which jeopardize human life and also give a bad impression of the environment, the excerpt is to identify the impact the polythene bags has on marine life which is major problem another problem is landfilling space, whereby the plastic bags because of their non-biodegradability makes it difficult in decomposing the materials. The expert also intends to solve the problem of greenhouse effect since when coal, oil, and gas are used they emit life-threatening greenhouse accelerators, on the other hand, the plastic pockets result in filling the land which is also a significant generator pf greenhouse accelerators. Lastly, plastic bags contribute much in cleaning up the filthiness, so governments incur many costs as they channel a lot of resources into the cleaning up programFehily (2009). Change is irresistible when a new dawn came every mechanism used to fight the ban was useless and the baby was set for birth. Different classes of people hovered with their interest glaring however change was due and ban had to be effected. Following more closely to the ban the council issued directives to the staff with their steadfast dictate on the process execution. Important to note is that the ban didi not allow space for adoption but it was actualized as soon as it was proposed. Objectives Help give the public, information that is up to date about issues on the anti-plastic. Another objective is that it helps recycle, reduce and reuse so as to achieve a zero waste policy. Helps educate the public about the effects of the plastic bags on the environment, how the plastic bags destroy the natural resources, the high cost incurred in the future so as to clean up the litter. It is overly broad referring to utilities. It should be incorporated as the elimination of impacts in relation to use of plastic carry out bags as environmental pollution, biological resources, terrestrial environment, water quality, marine, and aesthetics. In addition, the objective is varied since it supports past environmental impacts of the use of bags. It is considered as an objective with no negative documented environmental impact in relation to use of plastic bags, thus a not valid objective. The other objective aims at promoting a shift regarding the use of reusable carry out bags used by retai l customers. In an ordained proposal, the consumer has three choices; a reuse able bag, recyclable paper bag or no bag at all. Finally, decreasing litter and environment pollutants to prevent water systems, aesthetics, and terrestrial environment. This entails the summary of other objectivesJalil (2013). Credibility of the campaign To make the campaign more credible we have to consider several emerges, the campaign required a clearly delimitated goal which makes the campaign more achievable, the campaign demanded the understanding of the audience who are ones to make decisions concerning plastic bag ban. The campaign also for credibility calls for s more strong content reflecting the ant plastic use campaign, the message is required to concisely state what the purpose and overall aim of the campaign. A strategy is key in making the campaign credible because the campaigner will have the leverage of influencing decision makers to campaign with interest of reducing paper bag use. The campaign needs to make the ban of plastic bag a requirement, this is to be done through education of the public and also avail statistics and facts basing on how the plastic bags pollute the environment which is an expense to the taxpayers when money is used to persuade individuals to instead campaign. A strategy to implement the anti-plastic bag use will be: Enforcing measures for recycling and recovering of life end products Restriction of plastic bags supply Having must requirements in position concerning deposition of plastic bags Enforcing restrictions to some products to enhance recycling An integrated strategy map of this schemes is stipulated below. A strategy to implement the anti-plastic bag use will be: Enforcing measures for recycling and recovering of life end products Restriction of plastic bags supply Having must requirements in position concerning deposition of plastic bags Enforcing restrictions to some products to enhance recycling An integrated strategy map of this schemes is stipulated below. Campaign outcome The campaign objectives did not meet all the objectives at it was required there was still some significant plastic bag use. No substantial parity in effectiveness among the means of communication this was because of low intensity of campaign communications Oman(2010). Conclusion In summary, plastic bag ban is very important to the environment as reduces the green gas effect, marine life is protected from dirt emitted to it by plastic bags and lastly, a plastic-free environment is more appealing and gives a good look. A strategy to implement the anti-plastic bag use will be: Enforcing measures for recycling and recovering of life end products Restriction of plastic bags supply Having must requirements in position concerning deposition of plastic bags Enforcing restrictions to some products to enhance recycling An integrated strategy map of these schemes is stipulated below. Campaign outcome The campaign objectives did not meet all the objectives at it was required there was still some significant plastic bag use. No substantial parity in effectiveness among the means of communication this was because of low intensity of campaign communications. Conclusion In summary, plastic bag ban is very important to the environment as reduces the green gas effect, marine life is protected from dirt emitted to it by plastic bags and lastly, a plastic-free environment is more appealing and gives a good look. Campaign outcome The campaign objectives did not meet all the objectives at it was required there was still some significant plastic bag use. No substantial parity in effectiveness among the means of communication this was because of low intensity of campaign communications. Conclusion In summary, plastic bag ban is very important to the environment as reduces the green gas effect, marine life is protected from dirt emitted to it by plastic bags and lastly, a plastic-free environment is more appealing and gives a good look. Environment policy Environment policy will assist in the governance of anti-plastic use through the establishment of environmental laws and supporting initiatives. This is rules and norms based on environment pollution some of the environmental policies will include; a dedication to the environmental policy, this policy requires assessment of efforts to abbreviate pollution and bring off their innate resources. Establishment of performance reviews program, this will aid in establishing communicated decision concerning the environment. Having a monitoring and appraisal program. The environmental policy also needs to address how the public will be educated for sustainable development of the environment. Again the environment policy contains issued based on ecosystem impact assessment, industrial accidents, and water resources and lastly, it requires public participation for effective implementation Sutton(2012). A strategy to implement the anti-plastic bag use will be: Enforcing measures for recycling and recovering of life end products Restriction of plastic bags supply Having must requirements in position concerning deposition of plastic bags Enforcing restrictions to some products to enhance recycling An integrated strategy map of these schemes is stipulated below. Campaign outcome The campaign objectives did not meet all the objectives at it was required there was still some significant plastic bag use. No substantial parity in effectiveness among the means of communication this was because of low intensity of campaign communications. Conclusion In summary, plastic bag ban is very important to the environment as reduces the green gas effect, marine life is protected from dirt emitted to it by plastic bags and lastly, a plastic-free environment is more appealing and gives a good lookStakeholdermap (2017). References Fehily, T., Company (2009) Consultancy study on plastic bags. Report prepared for the Department of Environment and Local Government, Dublin. Haoran, H., 2010. The effects of an environmental policy on consumers: lessons from the Chinese plastic bag regulation. Institutionen fr nationalekonomi med statistic, Handelshgskolan vid Gteborgs Universitet. Homan, 2010. The effects of an environmental policy on consumers: lessons from the Chinese plastic bag regulation. Institutionen fr nationalekonomi med statistic, Handelshgskolan vid Gteborgs Universitet. Jalil, M.A., Mian, M.N. and Rahman, M.K., 2013. Using plastic bags and its damaging impact on environment and agriculture: An alternative proposal. International Journal of Learning and Development, 3(4), pp.1-14. Santos, S.C., Sousa, C.V.E., Sampaio, D.D.O. and Fagundes, A.F.A., 2013. The impact of using compostable carrier bags on consumer behavior in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Ambiente Sociedade, 16(4), pp.1-18. Stakeholdermap.com. (2017). Articles on Stakeholder Management. Sutton, J. and Turner, B., 2012. Plastic Bags: Hazards and Mitigation.vvv

Satire in Swift`S a Model Proposal Essay Example

Satire in Swift`S a Model Proposal Essay Jonathan Swift is an Irish writer from the 18th century and was known as a satirist, essayist and a political pamphleteer. He is the author of Guiltier s Travels, A Journal to Stella, Drapers Letters, The Battle of the Books, An Argument Against Abolishing Christianity, A Tale of a Tub and A Modest Proposal. His last work, A Modest Proposal is an occasional essay in which he gives a response to an economical problem which shatters and weakens Ireland at that time, but his response is satiric and he gives rational solutions. According to the Classic Encyclopedia, based on the 1 lath Edition of the Encyclopedia Britannic, Jonathan Swift Is a satirist struggling with a most uncongenial form of expression. HIS text Is based on solid argumentation, although Irrational and unpractical, and also well structured. He begins by Glenn a description of the city of Dublin which Is In a poor state crowded with beggars of the female sex, followed by three, four, or six children, all in rags and importuning every passenger for an alms. Only in his fourth paragraph he states his idea, his great Lana, and he does it by telling the reader that he had heavily reflected on it, his words being having turned my thoughts for many years upon this important subject, and maturely weighed the several schemes of other projectors. He ultimately suggests that Irelands greatest problem concerns him very much, and so he is obliged to come up with a solution for the love of his country. We will write a custom essay sample on Satire in Swift`S a Model Proposal specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Satire in Swift`S a Model Proposal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Satire in Swift`S a Model Proposal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer He implies that he had thought of many schemes but only one he thought to be of any help. His humbly position Is in contrasts with the end of his essay which can be Interpreted as his untouchable position, his plan cannot hurt him. Only after explaining to the reader the advantage of his scheme he tells them what It Implies, and that Is eating them while young and tender. This idea, eating young children, is given to him by an American, a very knowing American ,as he refers to him and it bears several connotations. From one point of view, a possible cause of including the Americans would be their perception that Irish, or other nation in general, is inferior to them, like savages, and Swift mocks them, and by using satire he shows them that Irish are capable of eating their children. From another point of view, Swift might show the reader that the Americans re the savage ones, due to the fact that he got the hint from one, he might imply that Americans are able to eat their children. Swift gives In the Preface to The Battle of the Books, 1704 the following definition of satire Satire Is a sort of glass, wherein beholders do generally discover everybodys face but their own, which Is the chief reason for that kind of reception it meets In the world, and that so very few are offended with It. and as a support of his theory he ends halls essay In an unexpected way. He says I have not the least personal interest in endeavoring to promote this accessory work, navels no toner motive tan ten puddle good AT my country, DAY advancing our trade, providing for infants, relieving the poor, and giving some pleasure to the rich. I have no children by which I can propose to get a single penny; the youngest being nine years old, and my wife past child-bearing. which can either mean that he bears in mind only the welfare of his country or that he cannot be touched by it, as I previously mentioned, his child being too old to be eaten or sold and his wife past childbearing. As The new Princeton encyclopedia of poetry and attics say Despite the aesthetic and often comic or witty pleasure associated with much satire , their authors incline toward self- promotion as Judges of morals and manners, of behavior and thought. a writer may use irony to Judge to set some moral guidelines. Swift uses irony to mock some of Irish habits and some common belief which were very popular at that time, a person who has authority over every one who lives in his territory. He speaks about landlords, he says that Androids, who as they have already devoured most of the parents, seem to have the best title to the children to help him sustain his theory. He mocks that the landlord is the highest authority and everyone must obey him. If the landlord would approve his theory, that would mean that all of the children from under his territory would be sold to him, whether the parents approve of it or not. Another element which belongs to the sphere of satire is the relationship be tween the title and the content of the text. Ata first reading of the title, A Modest Proposal which has a small introduction, by which the author explains the reason of his pamphlet, For Preventing the Children of Poor People in Ireland from Being a Burden to Their Parents or Country, and for Making Them Beneficial to the Public Swift may lead the reader into thinking that his proposal is fairly practical and useful; a reader may have expected an economical plan with may numbers and logical facts. Its ironic, but in a way, he did offer the reader numbers The number of souls in this kingdom being usually reckoned one million and a half, of these I calculate there may be about two hundred thousand couple whose wives are breeders; from which number I subtract thirty thousand couples who are able to maintain their own children, although I apprehend there cannot be so many, under the present distresses of the kingdom; but this being ranted, there will remain an hundred and seventy thousand breeders. I again subtract fifty thousand for those women who miscarry, or whose children die by accident or disease within the year. There only remains one hundred and twenty thousand children of poor parents annually born. and this gives the text authenticity, but his ideas are, nevertheless, immoral and unpractical. The reason of writing such a modest proposal is given by Carol Fabricate As a parody of the many fatuous proposals for dealing with the problem put forward by writers who had little understanding of the situation. According to what Fabricate says, there were created may systems to try and help Ireland overcome the economical problems, but all were proved to be useless. Swift mocks those who do not know how to write, and for that, he built with good and viable arguments an idea which is immoral, to show them that any idea can be proven, but that does not necessarily make it a good one. Carol Fabricate highlights that A Modest Proposal is an occasional essay and must be understood as a response to an economical problem. Its purpose is to mock the Irishmen, those who continue to write but do not understand what they are writing.

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buy custom Inflation in Venezuela essay The Causes, Consequences and Management Strategies Venezuela, a tropical country in the Latin America, has recorded high inflation rates since the 1950s. The inflation rates have been at the peak with the highest record being 99.9% reported in 1999 (Muoz, 2007). However, the country is rich in terms of the natural resources and talented citizens. The inflation is, therefore, a problem by the countrys and international definition. Causes of the High Inflation Rates The high inflation rates in Venezuela are caused by various factors such as hoarding, high community spending, calamities, increased money supply and speculations that the prices of goods and services may rise with time. These factors will be discussed in details in the next paragraphs. Calamities have built a home in Venezuela. This considering the fact that the country is facing serious problems year in year out. An instance of this is the climate, which is unreliable. The climate change has lead into the countrys unstable planning, thereby greatly affecting the economy. The World Bank report shows that country was hit by a catastrophe in 1989 (Dure, 1991). In December 1999 other calamities reported, floods and landslides, which led to the death of many citizens and ruined the economy. The floods are historical and have been observed even in the previous years. Moreover, the country is never an exception to industrial unrest, hailstorms and earthquakes among other calamities. These have led into the reduction of the supply of goods and services, while the available ones are offered at high prices. This is a potential cause of inflation. The other cause of high inflation rates in Venezuela is the increased supply of money. The politicians print a lot of money during the campaigns and give them to the citizens in exchange for their votes. This money supply is not matched by an equivalent increase in the production of goods and services. The people, thus, have a lot of money to spend than the available goods and services. This has rendered the currency useless and led to high prices of goods and services. The increased money supply has also led to an increased total community spending. This has consequently led to the increase in the total demand for goods and services, which are scarce. The producers thus, take the advantage of the demand to fix high prices for their goods and services. Some business persons in Venezuela practice hoarding. They cause the shortage of goods and services with an intention to gain, when the prices are high. Through this practice, the prices increase drastically, thereby leading to inflation. This has been noted more, especially for the milk products, sugar and other agricultural products. Consequences of Inflation in Venezuela The inflation rate in Venezuela has led to the investors (both local and international) running away from the countrys economy. They claim that its a risk to invest in the country. The countrys economy has never been stable for a long period of time and for this reason, it has found itself on the list of World Bank and International borrowers and calls for the aid programs. The high inflation rates have also affected the employment in the country. Many skilled workers are raised only to find it hard to get an employment opportunity. Some have, therefore, turned out to be self-employed but still fighting the consequences of unstable economy. The food prices are too high for the citizens to afford. This has led to the depriving of the most basic needs. Many people are forced to adopt new lifestyles. Most banks and other lending institutions have sorted to work on non-fixed lending rates. However, the inflation rates are unreliable; hence, the institutions lose in the long run. The amount lent, in a years time could be useless, considering that the interest rates are maintained. Borrowers, however, find it advantageous to borrow over a long period of time. They can borrow much and they pay little as compared to that they could pay if there was no inflation. The other positive consequence of inflation in Venezuela is the stimulated production. The high prices, set by the market, motivate people to produce more goods and services that do them good in the market. Inflation Management Strategies To manage the inflation in Venezuela, there are various factors that need to be taken into deep considerations. The first question concerns the causes. What are the causes of the inflation in the country? Knowing the source of the problem is an important factor in finding the soluutions to the problem. So, in solving the calamities problem, it will be most appropriate to find a solution to the calamities (both natural and human caused calamities). After analyzing and realizing that the catastrophes are recurrent after a given period, the government officials should work on forecasting and informing the citizens of the forthcoming misfortune. This can help in avoiding earthquake attack effects. Calamities that can be controlled should be eliminated from the history through control measures (for instance, floods can be controlled and brought to an end by the construction of dams, reservoirs, levees and diverting the flood source). The water can be as well used to provide energy and food, thereby increasing the productivity. The government of Venezuela should work on training the citizens and investors to take an advantage of the natural resources to improve the living standards. This can be conducted through workshops and seminars. It should reduce the revenue spent to develop the infrastructure and work on generating more income. Its through these developments that the government is borrowing a lot from the international bank. The other strategy is to tighten the lending and come up against those politicians who are after printing money for their own good. Once these controls and others are in place, the excessive money supply will no longer be a problem (Chhibber, 1989). Another strategy is to take legal measures against those, who practices hoarding. The government should implement strict policies that ensure that the situation is curbed. The last move is price control, which the government is already at. The government should improve on the policies and make price control an option, while ensuring that production is taken into deeper considerations (Muoz, 2007). The other solution to the inflation is to encourage the citizens to save their incomes. Through this, there will be less money supply in the economy, thus, stabilizing the circular flow of income and consequently solving the inflation problem. Conclusion The inflation in Venezuela is one of the worst recoded. Measures need to be taken to curb the situation. The natural and human influences of the inflation need to be taken into deeper consideration so as to salvage the countrys economy. Buy custom Inflation in Venezuela essay

Art History 406 Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Art History 406 - Term Paper Example American art of this time depicted nothing more from its paintings but of merchants and planters in a style rooted in European traditions. From the ashes of the war rose two great American painters. Benjamin West was born on October 10, 1738 of Quaker parents in Springfield (now Swarthmore) in the Pennsylvania colony. His talent for painting was developed when as a kid he learned to draw from paints given to him by his Indian friends. At the time there were no art schools or reputable masters with a great collection of paintings for young artists to study, but by the mid-1750s West began to paint portraits in and around Philadelphia (Craven, 2003, p.136). While in  Lancaster, Pennsylvania in 1756, Wests patron, William Henry, a gunsmith, encouraged him to design a "Death of Socrates" based on an engraving in  Charles Rollins  Ancient History. The painting has been called "the most ambitious and interesting painting produced in colonial America" (Staley, 1989, p. 28). Dr. William Smith, the  provost  of the  College of Philadelphia, after seeing the painting in Henrys house, offered West education and introduced him to wealthy Pennsylvanians and politicians. During t his time West met  the famous painter, John Wollaston, an immigrant from  London who taught him techniques for painting the shimmer of silk and satin (Hughes, 1999, p. 68). In 1759 West went to Rome, where he spent three years studying the Renaissance and Baroque masters and ancient masterpieces. There he took time to sketch art works like Roman reliefs, more particularly those the Royal Academy with Sir Joshua Reynolds, its first president. Between 1772 and 1801, he was historical painter to King George III. West became one of the first American artists to win a wide reputation in Europe for Agripinna. In the picture, the group forming the center is based on an